Botulism is an infectious disease that threatens the patient's life. This disease is characterized by poisoning with toxins that are released by the bacillus of botulism.

Such toxins are the most powerful of all known poisons. They damage muscles and nerves. Since they damage nerves, they are given the name neurotoxins.

Experts divide botulism into:

- wound

- food grade

- botulism in children of the first year of life.

Wound botulism develops due to infection of the wound, food botulism develops due to eating food contaminated with bacteria.

Symptoms

The symptoms appear suddenly. Usually 18-36 hours after the toxin enters the body. However, in some cases, symptoms appear 4 hours or 8 days after infection. The rate of development of the disease depends on the amount of toxins in the body. Basically, people who have symptoms during the day are the most seriously ill.

The first symptoms:

- double vision

- dry mouth

- inability to focus on nearby objects

- drooping of the upper eyelid

In addition, the pupil does not constrict during the examination of the eye. In some people, the first symptoms include vomiting, nausea, diarrhea, and stomach cramps, while in others such symptoms do not appear at all, especially if it is a wound type of botulism.

It is also difficult for the patient to swallow and it is difficult to speak. Difficulty swallowing can cause food to enter the respiratory tract and aspiration pneumonia. As the muscle weakness spreads downwards, the muscles of the legs and arms, and those muscles involved in breathing, weaken rapidly. Despite the fact that the course of the disease is severe, the patient's consciousness remains clear and clear.

In children of the first year of life, botulism in most cases causes constipation. Then paralysis of muscles and nerves develops, which begins in the head and gradually engulfs the arms, legs and respiratory muscles. It happens that the nerves on one side are less damaged than on the other. The degree of impairment ranges from increased feeding time and mild drowsiness to inability to breathe on their own and severe loss of tone.

Treatment

At the first signs of botulism, the patient is immediately hospitalized. Therapy begins immediately, without waiting for the results of laboratory tests. Although they are done in any case in order to confirm the diagnosis. The doctor stimulates vomiting, rinses the patient's stomach and gives him a mild laxative to accelerate the passage of contents through the intestine in order to remove the unabsorbed toxin from the patient's body.

The biggest danger is respiratory distress. Therefore, vital signs are regularly measured - body temperature, blood pressure, respiratory rate and pulse. When a respiratory disorder occurs, the patient is transferred to an intensive care unit and connected to an artificial lung ventilator. In some cases, intravenous administration of nutrient solutions is indicated.

Botulinum antitoxin will not eliminate the damage that has occurred, however, it can slow down or stop further deterioration of the patient's mental and physical condition, so the body can recover within a few months.

After the diagnosis of botulism is confirmed, an antitoxin is administered as soon as possible, which is most effective within three days from the onset of symptoms. Le programme de fidélité de 1xBet est un atout majeur pour les parieurs réguliers, et il commence dès l'inscription. Pour accumuler des points rapidement, il est conseillé d'utiliser le code promo 1xbet lors de la création de votre compte, ce qui vous offre un bonus de bienvenue de 100% jusqu'à 130€. Ce bonus vous permet de placer des paris plus importants, accélérant ainsi l'obtention de points de fidélité convertibles en freebets, en tours gratuits ou en argent bonus. La plateforme propose également des promotions hebdomadaires comme le "Vendredi Chanceux" qui offre sur les paris perdants.